Posted by Jaynee on December 12, 2002, at 19:44:55
In reply to Re: Someone please tell me how I am gaining weight!?! » Jaynee, posted by Alara on December 12, 2002, at 1:21:38
Fructose, weight gain, and the insulin resistance syndrome1,2,3
Sharon S Elliott, Nancy L Keim, Judith S Stern, Karen Teff and Peter J Havel
1 From the Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis (SSE, JSS, and PJH); the US Department of Agriculture Western Human
Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA (NLK); and the Monell Chemical Senses Institute and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (KT).This review explores whether fructose consumption might be a contributing factor to the development of obesity and the
accompanying metabolic abnormalities observed in the insulin resistance syndrome. The per capita disappearance data for
fructose from the combined consumption of sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup have increased by 26%, from 64 g/d in 1970
to 81 g/d in 1997. Both plasma insulin and leptin act in the central nervous system in the long-term regulation of energy
homeostasis. Because fructose does not stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic ß cells, the consumption of foods and
beverages containing fructose produces smaller postprandial insulin excursions than does consumption of glucose-containing
carbohydrate. Because leptin production is regulated by insulin responses to meals, fructose consumption also reduces
circulating leptin concentrations. The combined effects of lowered circulating leptin and insulin in individuals who consume diets
that are high in dietary fructose could therefore increase the likelihood of weight gain and its associated metabolic sequelae. In
addition, fructose, compared with glucose, is preferentially metabolized to lipid in the liver. Fructose consumption induces
insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriacylglycerolemia, and hypertension in animal models.
The data in humans are less clear. Although there are existing data on the metabolic and endocrine effects of dietary fructose
that suggest that increased consumption of fructose may be detrimental in terms of body weight and adiposity and the metabolic
indexes associated with the insulin resistance syndrome, much more research is needed to fully understand the metabolic effect
of dietary fructose in humans.Key Words: Fructose * leptin * weight gain * insulin resistance * triacylglycerol * hypertension * obesity * review
poster:Jaynee
thread:131185
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20021210/msgs/131556.html